Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer develops in the lining of the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus. Normal cervical cells may undergo changes that make them precancerous, then cancerous, then taking time for this disease to transpire. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is the term used to describe these abnormal changes. 80-90% of invasive cervical cancer develops in the flat, scaly cells that line the cervix. Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women, reporting about 500,000 cases a year world wide. Women who smoke are twice as likely to develop cervical cancer. Middle-aged women who are lower class and don't have regular screening available to them are more likely to develop the disease as well. There is also a higher incidence rate in African-American, Hispanic, and Native-American women. Regular screening with a Pap smear is a good way to prevent the cancer from becoming invasive. Early detection and treatment is available this way. Early cervical cancer often has no symptoms, thus making an abnormal Pap smear the first indication. Symptoms following this have included:

• Abnormal vaginal bleeding (e.g., spotting after sexual intercourse, bleeding between menstrual periods, increased menstrual bleeding)
• Abnormal (yellow, odorous) vaginal discharge
• Low back pain
• Painful sexual intercourse (dyspareunia)
• Painful urination (dysuria)

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Cervical Cancer

Adrenal Cancer

Breast Cancer

Ovarian Cancer

Endometrial Cancer

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